Keer op keer heb ik het gehoord of gelezen: Romeinse cavalerie was waardeloos. Ze kon alleen maar vijandelijke troepen onder de voet lopen die toch al verslagen waren. De Romeinen verwaarloosden hun ruiterij en verloren daardoor belangrijke veldslagen. Het gevolg was dat ze uiteindelijk de invasies van buitenaf niet meer…
De stad Rome begon als een verzameling dorpjes op verschillende heuvels nabij de rivier de Tiber. Het leven was er noch erg comfortabel, noch erg veilig. Oorlog lag altijd op de loer. Naburige stammen en volkeren waren jaloers op Rome vanwege haar gunstige ligging aan de Tiber, van waaruit ze…
Het Principaat Nadat hij als overwinnaar uit de Romeinse Burgeroorlog was gekomen, stelde Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus een regeringsvorm in die bekend staat als het Principaat. Deze was gebaseerd op de overbekende Republikeinse ambten en instellingen. Anders dan zijn adoptievader – de Vergoddelijkte Julius – werd de jongere Caesar geen…
Summary The people’s tribune Quintus Decius puts the former consul Lucius Opimius on trial for executing Gaius Gracchus’ supporters without trial; Opimius is acquitted (120 BCE); Gaius Marius is elected people’s tribune (120 BCE); A law tabled by the people’s tribune Lucius Calpurnius Bestia allows the former consul Publius Popilius…
1. Introduction In 63 BCE, a trial took place in Ancient Rome which is still shrouded in mystery. Even in its own time it was extraordinary and controversial, not least because of the strange charges brought against the accused, the prosecutor’s motives, the alleged bias of the judges and the…
Modern western democracies have a strict separation of military and civil offices, but this was not the case in the Roman Republic (ca. 509-27 BCE). It was not until the third century CE, during the Imperial era, that such a separation was introduced. During the Republican era, politicians were also…
Rome began as a collection of villages on several hills near the river Tiber. Life there was neither comfortable, nor safe. War was always looming. Neighbouring tribes and cultures envied Rome for its favourable position on the Tiber, from which it controlled the salt trade in Central Italy. Rome itself…
I have heard and read it time and time again: Roman cavalry was terrible. It was only good at riding down enemy troops that had already routed. The Romans neglected their cavalry and therefore lost important battles. And because of this neglect, they were ultimately unable to fight off foreign…
The Principate After emerging triumphant from the Civil War, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus created a system of government known as the Principate. It was based on the well-known Republican offices and institutions. The younger Caesar did not become dictator for life (dictator perpetuo), like his adoptive father – the Divine…