Rome: Santa Maria dell’Anima
Rome: Santa Maria in Cosmedin
Rome: Santa Balbina
Getting to the church of Santa Balbina is fairly easy. The church is located on the eastern slope of the Little Aventine, overlooking the gigantic Baths of Caracalla. Actually getting into the church is a whole lot tougher. Apparently, people have been having difficulties with visiting the Santa Balbina for…
Rome: Santa Pudenziana
Rome: Santa Maria in Domnica
Rome: Santi Cosma e Damiano
Er is niet veel bekend over de levens van de tweelingbroers Cosmas en Damianus (Κοσμάς en Δαμιανός in het Grieks). Volgens de overlevering werden ze geboren in Arabië, waarmee waarschijnlijk Arabia Petraea is bedoeld, toen onderdeel van het Romeinse Rijk. Cosmas en Damianus werden allebei arts. Klaarblijkelijk waren ze erg…
Rome: San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio
Rome: Santi Giovanni e Paolo
Rome: Santa Cecilia in Trastevere
Matilo (Leiden)
People who almost 2.000 years ago took the Limes road from Praetorium Agrippinae and travelled east for some eight kilometres would eventually arrive at the next castellum protecting the Rhine border. According to the Peutinger Table (Tabula Peutingeriana), this castellum was called Matilo(ne), a name of unknown origin. The precise…
Matilo (Leiden)
Wie bijna 2.000 jaar geleden de Limesweg van Praetorium Agrippinae (het huidige Valkenburg, Zuid-Holland) richting het oosten volgde, kwam zo’n acht kilometer verderop bij het volgende castellum langs de Rijngrens aan. Dat castellum droeg volgens de Kaart van Peutinger (Tabula Peutingeriana) de naam Matilo(ne). Wat die naam betekent, is niet…
Tiberius Gracchus: The Year 133 BCE
Summary The people’s tribune Tiberius Gracchus launches a comprehensive land reform program; Gracchus’ proposal for a Lex Sempronia agraria is vetoed by his colleague, the tribune Marcus Octavius; After a second version of his land reform bill is again vetoed by Octavius, Gracchus issues a blanket veto on all public…
The War against Aristonikos: The Years 132-131 BCE
Summary The pontifex maximus Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio dies in exile in Pergamum; Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus is elected in his stead (132 BCE); The consul Publius Rupilius ends the First Servile War on Sicily (132 BCE); Scipio Aemilianus returns from Spain and celebrates a triumph for his…
The War against Aristonikos: The Years 130-129 BCE
Summary The former censor Appius Claudius Pulcher dies (ca. 130 BCE); The consul Marcus Perperna defeats and captures Aristonikos, but dies soon afterwards (130-129 BCE); The populares Marcus Fulvius Flaccus and Gaius Papirius Carbo become members of the land reform committee (ca. 129 BCE); The Lex Sempronia agraria leads to…
Gaius Gracchus: The Years 128-125 BCE
Summary Gaius Gracchus serves on Sardinia as the consul Lucius Aurelius Orestes’ quaestor (126-125 BCE); The consul Marcus Fulvius Flaccus introduces a bill to grant full Roman citizenship to Rome’s Latin and Italian allies, but it is withdrawn after encountering stiff opposition from both the Senate and the people (125…
Gaius Gracchus: The Years 124-123 BCE
Summary Gaius Gracchus is elected people’s tribune (124 BCE); The consul and later proconsul Gaius Sextius Calvinus defeats the Salluvii and the Vocontii of Southern Gaul and founds the colony of Aquae Sextiae (124-123 BCE); Gaius Gracchus launches an ambitious legislative program that includes bills about land reforms, grain prices,…
Gaius Gracchus: The Years 122-121 BCE
Summary The popular assembly adopts the Lex Sempronia de provinciis consularibus, which stipulates that the Senate selects the consular provinces before the consuls themselves are elected (122 BCE); Gaius Gracchus is opposed by his colleague, the people’s tribune Marcus Livius Drusus (122 BCE); Gaius Gracchus’ proposal to grant citizenship to…
The Rise of Marius and Jugurtha: The Years 120-118 BCE
Summary The people’s tribune Quintus Decius puts the former consul Lucius Opimius on trial for executing Gaius Gracchus’ supporters without trial; Opimius is acquitted (120 BCE); Gaius Marius is elected people’s tribune (120 BCE); A law tabled by the people’s tribune Lucius Calpurnius Bestia allows the former consul Publius Popilius…








